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Tri Hita Karana: Balancing Wellbeing and Sustainability through Balinese Wisdom
April 2024 – Words by The Punch Editors
Bali has long captivated the hearts of travelers. While its natural beauty and cultural richness have drawn millions seeking relaxation and spiritual rejuvenation, there's a deeper layer to the island of Gods that often goes unnoticed by the casual visitor. This hidden gem is the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana, a guiding principle deeply ingrained in the Balinese society.
Tri Hita Karana, translating to "Three Causes of Wellbeing", isn't just abstract concepts; it's a way of life that has shaped the island's culture, traditions, and community interactions for centuries. This ancient philosophy acts as a guide, leading individuals and communities towards a balanced connection with themselves, their environment, and the spiritual world; a holistic approach that can help us tackle pressing environmental and social challenges.
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The Essence of Tri Hita Karana
HARMONY WITH THE DIVINE (PARHYANGAN)
This involves maintaining a harmonious relationship with the spiritual realm, respecting the gods, spirits, and ancestors that inhabit the island. Balinese people express this harmony through daily offerings, temple ceremonies, and rituals that honor their spiritual beliefs.
HARMONY WITH NATURE (PAWONGAN)
Nature is revered in Balinese culture, seen not as something separate from humans but as a living entity that deserves respect and care. This aspect of Tri Hita Karana emphasizes living in harmony with the environment, protecting biodiversity, and practicing sustainable agriculture.
HARMONY WITH HUMANS (PALEMAHAN)
This principle focuses on maintaining harmony within the community and among individuals. It emphasizes mutual respect, cooperation, and collective responsibility for the wellbeing of society. Balinese communities often come together for traditional ceremonies, social events, and communal work to foster a sense of unity and shared purpose.
LESSONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
The philosophy of Tri Hita Karana
offers valuable insights that can help us rethink and reshape our approach to sustainability.
HOLISTIC APPROACH TO WELLBEING
Tri Hita Karana teaches us that wellbeing is more than economic prosperity; it encompasses spiritual, environmental, and social dimensions as well. In the context of sustainable development, this means moving beyond GDP growth and embracing a more holistic approach that considers the wellbeing of people, planet, and prosperity.
By prioritizing the three harmonies of Tri Hita Karana, we can create development strategies that are inclusive, equitable, and environmentally responsible. This could involve investing in renewable energy, promoting eco-friendly tourism, and supporting local communities through fair trade practices.
RESPECT FOR NATURE & BIODIVERSITY
The Pawongan aspect of Tri Hita Karana is about the importance of living in harmony with nature. In today's world, where climate change and environmental degradation are urgent issues, this principle takes on even greater significance.
By adopting sustainable practices that respect biodiversity and protect natural resources, we can mitigate the impacts of climate change and preserve our planet for future generations. This could involve implementing reforestation projects, promoting organic farming, and conserving water and energy.
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT & COLLECTIVE ACTION
The Palemahan principle of Tri Hita Karana highlights the power of community engagement and collective action in achieving sustainable development goals. In Bali, community-driven initiatives and collective decision-making are integral to the fabric of society.
By fostering a sense of community ownership and participation in sustainable development projects, we can empower people to take action and drive positive change in their communities. This could involve organizing community clean-up events, supporting local artisans and farmers, and promoting education and awareness about sustainability issues.
CASE STUDY
How Four Seasons Resorts
Bali achieve sustainability following the Tri Hita Karana philosphy?
In terms of Parhyangan, or harmony with the divine, the resort collaborates with local spiritual leaders, priest and traditional artisans to showcase and preserve Balinese spiritual practices and craftmanship.
In line with Palemahan, or harmony with humans, Four Seasons Bali engages in community partnerships by supporting underprivileged communities, offering internships for students with special needs, conducting regular clean-ups in local areas, and preserving Bali’s arts heritage through the Ganesha Cultural Centre. Additionally, the resort actively participates in donation initiatives, providing equipment, financial support for school renovations, and medical services to underprivileged communities.
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